Textile auxiliaries in the processing of textiles

Generally, textile auxiliaries are divided into liquid and solid. The characterize of liquid products are easy deployment, measurement accuracy and ease of use. Liquids can be divided into the solvent, emulsion and dissolving in water. In recent years, with the enhancement of environmental awareness and fire safety consciousness, emulsions and water soluble products gradually increased, also their performance is constantly improving.

At the same time, the features of solid products are easy to transport and storage, which are mostly particles, flake, micro-spherical or powder, solid type of scouring agent and desizing agent mostly are granular or slightly globose. But solid softening agent and waterproof admixtures are mostly sheet products. Besides, some pulp and bio-enzyme are powder-like product.

In General, the modern textile industry mainly consists of two parts. One is the manufacture of textiles, including spinning and weaving, it is textile formation process; the second is finishing of textiles, namely, fabric pre-treatment, dyeing, printing and finishing, it is the process of reprocessing, modification and beautification of textile. The different from textile manufacturing is that textile finishing mainly in the chemical processing. Therefore, it uses a large number of dyes and auxiliary chemicals. These chemicals often referred to as textile dyeing and finishing auxiliaries, auxiliaries for short.



In the processing of textiles, textile auxiliaries play a very important and even indispensable role. It mainly manifested in the following aspects:
1 shorten the process and reduce processing, improving production efficiency
2 energy and water saving, saving people effort, reduce production costs
3 improve the performance and quality of textiles, it gives the textiles special function and style, so that to increase the added value of the finished product
4 reduce environmental pollution and protect the ecological environment

Classification by use in textile processing, textile auxiliaries can be divided into spinning and weaving uses agents, pretreatment, dyeing auxiliaries, printing auxiliaries and finishing agents.
1. agent for spinning and weaving: mainly include frame material, oil, antistatic agents, etc.
2. pretreatment: mainly include desizing agents, scouring agents, degumming agent, wetting agent, oxygen bleaching stabilizer, etc.
3. dyeing auxiliaries: including leveling agent, retarding agent, fixing agent, anti-migration agent, defoaming agent, soaping, stripping agents, raising agent, dyeing fastness improvers and pigment binder, etc.
4. Printing auxiliaries: including printing paste, thickening agent, pigment printing binder, etc.
5. finishing agent: mainly include soft agent, stiffness agent, anti-wrinkle anti-shrink finishing agent, water and oil repellent finishing agent, stain repellent, Pro-water and antistatic agent, coating finishing agent, flame retardant finishing agent, antibacterial anti-smelly finishing agent and so on. Read more!

Softener for textile industry

Softening agents for the textile industry can be used as textile auxiliaries. They can change the touch feel of textiles, they give a more comfortable sense of touch. At the same time, they also have other roles. For example, when the loose fiber dyeing, it makes the fiber spinning and weaving process smoothly after the application. this actually linked to the soft composition of various other properties such as eliminating static electricity, absorbs water and so on.



Here are some requirements about softener:
1 It has excellent softness, smoothness, fluffy.
2 Has little effect on the whiteness and dyeing fastness of the fiber or fabric.
3 During the various processing conditions (impregnation, padding, changes in temperature, PH, etc), the working fluid requires a reasonably stability.
4 It is not suitable for heat discoloration after softening finishing of fibers or fabrics. It should not have colour, odour and texture changes during storage.
5 If the softener is emulsion, the emulsion stability requires good.
6 According to different requirements, it has appropriate absorption capacity, water repellent, anti-static properties, etc.
7 There is no adverse effects after skin contact, it meets the requirements of environmental protection.

Soft finish is an important finishing processes of dyeing and printing process. During textile processing, it may become rough after processing many times. Generally, synthetic fabrics less good, especially the microfiber fabric. In order to make the fabric has a soft, smooth, comfortable feel, it needs to finishing it, so softener for finishing is widely used.

In addition, there are heavy use of softeners in the process of various chemical fiber spinning, fiber spinning, weaving and so on. That is because speed and low bath ratio of heavy use in the textile processing, this increases friction between the fabrics, and friction between fabric and device. Use softener to make the fiber itself is commensurate with the condition of soft and smooth to avoid injury. As a result, fabric softener is one of the most important Textile auxiliaries.

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Use of textile softener

Textile softener is a large class of finishing auxiliaries in textile auxiliaries. From chemical fiber spinning, stretching, drum, woven or cellulose fibers business, spinning, weaving and dyeing and finishing of textiles, they all need to use softener.

Its main function is to satisfy the different feel of various textile, different styles and different requirements. After dyeing of cotton, fiber, bulk hair and various mixed fiber, it needs to use softener to improve weaving performance. Processed garments need to use softener after finishing to ensure that the garment has a good feel. With modern living standards improve, softener use has reached a domestic washing process.



There are two main categories of textile softener products:
1 Aliphatic type (non-SI): dominated by cationic, and nonionic, anionic, and amphoteric.
2 Silicone type: the first generation of methyl silicone oil emulsion. Second generation of D4 siloxane emulsion polymerization, also called hydroxy lotion. Third-generation D4 silicone and silane coupling agent bulk polymerization, emulsification again, products have LaTeX, transparent liquid (called micro-emulsion), high concentration of Silicon oil (50%) (80%), and so on.

Softeners generally are used during after processing for textile products. For example, add softener to dyeing and finishing processing can make the fabric feels better. Also, use softeners before ironing of cardigan is the same purpose.
Fabric softener is a kind of daily chemical products that give clothing and fabrics in dress a sense of soft. With the development of synthetic detergent, it gradually enter into ordinary families and become a daily washing care from the textile industry. Fabric softener can be used in detergency process or in the rinsing phase or in the drying process.

The main active ingredients of fabric softener is cationic surfactants. Based on its structure, it can be divided into alkyl quaternary ammonium salts quaternary ammonium and alkyl imidazoline-type. Its basic principle of soft fabric with different degrees of negative charge. When Ionic surfactant come across these fabrics, through a combination of positive and negative ions of the chemical and physical effects, it can quickly adsorbed on the surface. Its hydrophilic groups connected to the fabric, and hydrophobic outwards. Because of the long hydrophobic groups, it forms the slip surface between the ends. This can effectively reduce the coefficient of friction on the surface of the fabric, and makes the fines fibers return to the body, so that the dry fabric with a soft and smooth feel. Fabric fibers on the market can be divided into wool, silk, cotton, blends and polyester. In these different types of fiber, the adsorption of cationic surfactants are very different. This also result in different kinds of fabric using fabric softener have different effect. Get more!

Wide use of PU (ployurethane)

PU is the abbreviation of ployurethane. PU is a polymer. It is popular and has an extensive use for its twists and turns, soft, strong stretch, permeability and low prices. Due to its excellent performance, it is widely used in many fields, such as light industry, chemical industry, electronics, textiles, medical, construction, building materials, automotive, defense, aerospace, aviation, and so on.



Here are technology advantages of PU material
1 It can be cured in a few seconds. This improves efficiency and save costs, it is the most economical and effective;
2 It reflects the outer contours of the original styling and details;
3 The color can be adjusted according to the requirement;
4 100% solid content, no organic solvent;
5 surface brushing primer can be matched with aqueous acrylic emulsion paint;
6 Its excellent waterproof and stain resistance capacity to facilitate cleaning and maintenance;
7 EPS substrate does not require any processing
8 Excellent toughness, low temperature impact resistance and can withstand thermal cycling;
10 excellent weather resistance and durability.

As we know polyurethane is made up of two or more isocyanate isocyanate and with 2 more hydroxyl group compounds react to form a general term for polymers, whose chain contains many duplicate of NHCOO group. Common of the second isocyanate has TDI, MDI, HDI, IPDI, HMDI, PAPI, XDI and so on. According to different hydroxyl component, it can be divided into polyester and polyether type. This product can be used in the manufacture of plastic products, wear-resistant synthetic rubber products, synthetic fibers, rigid and flexible cellular plastics, adhesives and coatings.

It has some industrial use, such as PU coatings. Main applications of polyurethane coatings are aircraft, ships, vehicles painting, wood, plastic, rubber, surface coating of leather, structure coating, anticorrosive coating and so on. Waterborne polyurethane coatings, water as the main medium with features of low VOC content, low or no environmental pollution and convenient construction. It has been widely used in many fields, such as wood and wood floor paint, paper coating, architectural coatings, leather coat, fabric coating, and so on. What's more, spandex has been widely used in the textile, as it is a new textile materials with high added value. It simply add less than 10% spandex in traditional textiles can make the traditional fabric quality is greatly improved, and shows a soft, comfortable, attractive and elegant style. If have interest, please click here!

Textile auxiliary for textile processing

Textile auxiliary is the necessary chemicals in the textile processing. It plays an important role in improving the quality of textile products and added value. It can not only give textiles a variety of special features and styles, such as soft, wrinkle, shrink-proof, waterproof, antibacterial, antistatic, flame-retardant and so on, but also improve the dyeing and finishing process, as well as can save energy and reduce processing costs.

About 80% surfactants as raw material, and 20% are functional. After more than half a century of development, surfactant industry all over the world is mature. In recent years, textile production center have turned from Europe, the United States gradually shifting to the Asia, making rapid demand growth in the Asian region.



Textile dyeing and textile finishing auxiliaries for textile processing plays a very important role in the process. Although the use amount is little, but it plays an important role in the textile processing. In summary, the textile dyeing and finishing auxiliaries mainly plays the following roles in the textile products processing.

1 shorter processing cycles or fewer processes, this saves processing time and improve the processing efficiency
2 reduce energy consumption, save energy and reduce costs
3 reduce pollution and improve the quality of environment
4 improving the dyeing effect and fabric appearance and inner quality
5 give textiles a particular function and effectiveness, improve product performance and added value

According to the material composition, textile auxiliary can be divided into surface active additives and non-surfactant additives. There are a large part of textile dyeing and finishing auxiliaries are made up of surfactants. It approximately accounts for more than half of all auxiliaries. Part of itself is pure surfactant, and more that contain surfactants and their mixtures, such as emulsifiers, wetting agents, detergents, etc; Non-surfactant contains no surfactants in dyeing and finishing auxiliaries. It consists of polymer compounds and other organic and inorganic composition, such as resin finishing agents, flame retardants, fluorescent brightener.

Improve the overall competitiveness of the industry, develop ecological development and environmental protection, improve product quality and technical level is the key to sustainable development. Downstream customers of Textile auxiliaries dyeing factory in China is still fragmented. With the increasing of environmental pressures, it will speed up industry consolidation, and the future trends will be concentrated. Accordingly, the textile industry centralized to dominant businesses with good technology and service. If you have interest, please click here!

Comparison of pigments and fillers in coatings

There are many difference between pigment and filler, especially the white pigments and fillers. There are a wide range of pigments and fillers, such as plastics, coatings, inks, etc. Discussions about paint and pigments are much. Here is a simple summary about the application of pigments and fillers in coatings.



Pigments are colored (white) fine granular substance. It does not dissolve in the dispersion medium and is a class of inorganic or organic substances showing its colors based on the "particle". The particle size of pigment is typically between 30nm-100μm. The color, covering, coloring and other characteristics of pigments have a great relationship with its decentralized state in the media.

There are a lot of similarities about organic pigments and dyes of the pigments. The most fundamental difference is that dye is soluble in the dispersion medium, with its "gene" shows its colors. Filler is a kind of fine particulate material mainly act as fill in the medium. It insoluble in dispersion medium and also known as extender pigment.
Fillers powder are mostly white or light gray, its coverage and tinting strength in the media is very low. Add filler to the media can effectively change the physical and chemical properties of the medium of non-color. Pigments and fillers are an important part of coatings. According to the use request of coatings, adding variety and quantity of pigment and filler is different. These pigments and fillers can not only ensure that the paint has excellent hiding power, rich colors, but also can give the film and the construction of other special effects.

Pigments is one of the necessary ingredients in the production of coatings paints. In addition to provide color to film, it can also provide more improvement in physical and chemical properties, such as covers, light resistance, weather resistance, temperature resistance, mechanical strength and chemical resistance, gloss, etc. Use functional pigments in the coatings can give the special performance to coatings, such as special decorative effects, corrosion-resistant, fire retardant, conductive, antistatic and so on.

Filler in coatings mainly has two functions. The first is fill to save cost, the second is by adding fillers to change film or coatings the physical and chemical properties. Compared with the pigment, most fillers are low cost, low oil absorption and easier to disperse and so on. If you have interest, please click here!

Additives of coating raw materials

Additives is one kind of coating raw materials. Adding small amount of additives can significantly improve the effectiveness and performance of coatings, as well as improve film performance. It must coordinate properties between keys so that coating with a variety of performances and special effects to meet these requirements. So fully grasp the main characteristics of raw materials such as resins, paints and solvents is the difficulties that the coating industry need to overcome. The fluidity of the paint, pigment dispersibility, leveling and clarity, ect relate to the coating effect.



Additives play an important role in the paint and coatings industry. It mainly to prevent mildew and improve coating performance. The use of additives is the key to improving the added value of products. However, improper use or add too much can cause the opposite effect. With the development of coatings industry, it requires to develop new products with high effective and performance.

The use of additives relate to coatings ingredients, add method and add quantity. First, it should fully know about the mechanism and select properly. For example, if adsorbed on the surface, it 's better to add additives before adsorb other materials on the surface; if hope to have Physical change, it should fully know about coatings materials and additives performance to select. Besides, if need to use the surface characteristics of materials to make the separation effect and orientation appropriate, it needs to use good miscible polymer resin. Therefore, it needs to compare the solubility parameters of resins and additives before using. As different additives has different functions.

Here are the most commonly used coating additives.

Acrylic coating The greatest characteristic of acrylic is that it can be diluted with water. It is water soluble material, colorless, odorless. It has considerable flexibility and malleability after conjunctival. It is exceptionally dense waterproof material.

Polyurethane coatings is called "liquid rubber". It is one of the best properties of waterproof coating. Film tough, high tensile strength, good elongation, corrosion resistance, strong resistance to structural expansion and has a long service life.

Polymer cement waterproof coating is compound of synthetic polymer emulsion, powders and various additives.

Mortar waterproof coatings based on acrylic emulsion with a special cement, additives and fillers made by a certain percentage distribution of waterborne waterproof mortar. It can directly work on the surface of concrete construction and paste. If you have interest, please follow okchem company linkedin page or read more here.

Pigments used in coatings

Pigments are the main raw materials in coatings and often give coatings certain colors. Mostly, they are inorganic pigments used in coatings, and titanium dioxide ranks first, followed by red iron oxide, chrome yellow, Lithopone and other varieties. There are also part of good weather resistance varieties of organic pigments in coatings, particularly the red and blue pigments.

According to the latest analysis report of the market research, the market size of iron oxide pigment is about $ 1.83 billion in global in 2015. The demand of construction, coatings and plastics industries are driving iron oxide pigment manufacturers continue to increase investment in this area.



Building coatings requires alkali-resistant, water resistant, moisture-proof and have good adhesion on the grassroots of either rough or smooth surfaces. Pigments to building coatings are also requires to have the features listed above. Outdoor buildings coatings also should have good weatherability. The variety of white pigment is mainly titanium dioxide.

With many Chinese industries, such as construction, automotive, aerospace, shipbuilding, bridge construction rapid development. This has led the market demand to pigments and coating products. On one hand, consumers to color aesthetics promotes the development of paint and coating products, such as the cars appearance of bright and colorful, mobile phone coatings, etc; on the other hand, the promote of awareness of environmental protection enhance the demand for environmentally friendly products such as water soluble paints and pigments.

Take car manufacturing and construction as an example. In recent years, their requirements to color brightness, durability and environmental protection of paints and coatings constantly improve. The application proportion of organic pigments in paints industrial constantly rose. Currently, it is about accounted for 26% in coloring pigment using of coatings. In recent years, with the quickly development of China coatings industrial, new type coatings constantly developped, high-end coating varieties occupies of proportion increases. The needs to organic pigment growth is quickly. Its varieties and performance proposed has more and more high requirements, this provides good opportunities to organic pigment industrial development.

The difference of relative density of some pigments is too large. It often appears layer in the paints or appears floating in the film. It solved by adjusting pigment volume concentration (PVC) or adding surfactant. some pigments are inappropriate to mix for they react easily. Such as poor alkali-resistant pigments should not be mixed with alkaline pigments; pigment containing lead should not be mixed with sulfur-containing pigment. More details or information about chemicals, please view more here!

Barium sulphate in coatings

Barium sulfate is an important chemical raw material. It is widely used in paints, pigments, coatings, inks, batteries, paper, plastics, rubber, ceramics, enamels, spice and other industry. The major use of barium sulfate is industry primer, including automotive primer. Because of the low oil absorption, large density, granular or spherical structure. So it has good filling properties to gloss and good gloss. Barium sulfate is commonly used to first coat, gloss is very important in this type of paint.
Barium sulfate have high complementarity, and it can be applied to all coatings series. Its low specific surface area and diameter of Division and fast-flowing nature makes barium sulfate in polishing processes with low wear. Barium sulfate supports for automatic primer surface layer.

Barium sulfate is divided into two production technology: physical and chemical methods.

Briefly, the physical process is the stones directly into powders. According to the customers requirements to fineness of grind. It is low prices, but impurities, low purity, and unstable whiteness.

The chemical process is complex, basic technology is artificial selection of stone, stone washing, pickling, washing, crushing, and so on. As a result, the barium sulfate is high purity, good whiteness and low impurity. Because of the complexity of its processes, their disadvantage is the price is twice of ordinary barium sulphate.
Modern coatings is complex and high-tech products should have a variety of functions. Barium Sulphate is no longer just to use as a filler. The production of precipitated barium sulfate specifically for application of coatings adjust their production technology, and make them have better particle size distribution, which has excellent dispersibility, rheology, abrasion resistance and chemical stability.

Nowadays, precipitation barium sulfate can for production of low fog shadow, and bright, high gloss of surface paint and very low VOC of solvent type coatings or electrophoresis paint. Because of the transparency of precipitation barium sulfate, thus it can be used in color or black of system. Special custom of precipitation barium sulfate can preparation translucent of coatings, or coated and covered with inorganic semiconductor to form connected non-black antistatic primer, and printing ink of conductive channel.

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Sodium benzoate food grade in food

Sodium benzoate (E211) belongs to the acidic preservative. It is commonly used as a food preservative to prevent food from turn sour, and it is widely used in countries all over the world. Sodium benzoate mostly are white particles, easily soluble in water, PH in 8 around; it is acid preservatives, its best anti-corrosion PH is 2.5-4.0, 5% of solution sterilization effect also not is very good under PH5.0.



The of sodium benzoate lipophilic is large, it's easily penetrates the cell membrane into the cell body to interfere the permeability of cell membrane and inhibite the absorption of the cell membrane to amino acids; into the cell body ionization acidification of intracellular alkaline reserve, and inhibit the activity of respiratory enzymes and prevents condensation reaction of Acetyl-Coenzyme A, which reach the purpose of food preservation.

It plays a role of food preservatives in food industry, for soy sauce, vinegar, low salt pickles, juice, jam, wine, canned food, soda, beverage syrup, tobacco, etc. In pharmaceutical industry, it used for the preparation of annaka sedatives and Chinese medicine pill syrup of anti-corrosion. Also it is for anti-corrosion and mold of rust paper, latex paint, glue and fabric. Besides, it also used as mordant of manufacturing dye industrial, plastic industrial of plasticizer and as spice industrial of raw materials.

As one of important food additive, preservatives are widely used in the food industry. Soy sauce contains the preservative sodium benzoate, bread and bean often add preservative Calcium propionate, pickles, jams, condiments and drinks often add potassium sorbate, wine fruit wine with sulfites on the corrosion of traditional and so on. Therefore, food preservatives are widely present in our daily consumption. Now foods are basically add the preservatives, as long as you buy from regular manufacturers, brand-name, such as okchem, it should be no problem and will not do harm to human body. Because States have strict requirements on such product.

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Nigeria: Willa Jiang, +234 8170283285

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Thermoplastic rubber TPE/TPR status

Thermoplastic rubber TPE/TPR is also known as thermoplastic elastomers, artificial or synthetic rubber. It is a kind of polymer material that shows rubber elasticity at room temperature and malleable when heated. It is a rubber of high elasticity, high strength, high elasticity, and injection molding of the material. With a nontoxic security, wide range of hardness, good coloring, texture and soft, weather-resistance, fatigue resistance and temperature resistance, processing performance, not curing, it can be recycled to reduce costs. This product can not only secondary injection molding, but also be separately molded.

According to material, thermoplastic rubber can be divided into olefin TPE (also called TPO or TPV), polyurethane TPE (abbreviated TPU), styrene type elastomer TPE (TPR for short).

Thermoplastic rubber has similar properties of vulcanized rubber, but without curing. It can be like thermoplastic resins, processed by the common plastics, product recycling and processing without losing its basic performance. Development of such new materials bring significant innovations to the rubber industry. It breaks the traditional boundaries between rubber and plastics, in terms of energy, labor-saving and prevent environmental pollution has more economic and social benefits. In recent years, in addition to the modified, but also the emergence of new species.

Major development status of thermoplastic elastomers

1. Styrenic TPE Styrenic TPE also known as TPS, it is copolymer of butadiene or isoprene-diene-styrene block, its performance is closest to the SBR rubber.

2. Olefin TPE It is blends of hard chain PP and soft chain EPDM, which is called TPO. As its light weight than other TPE, heat-resistant up to 100℃，and ozone resistance weather resistance good, thus, it develops rapidly in TPE.

3. Diene TPE Diene TPE are mainly isomers of natural rubber, so it is also called thermoplastic trans-natural rubber (1-NR).

4. Vinyl chloride TPE It is divided into thermoplastic PVC and thermoplastic CPE. The former is called TPVC, the latter known as TCPE. TPVC is mainly flexible modification of PVC, it is also polymerization and mechanical blending two forms.

5. Polyurethane TPE TPU has excellent mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, oil resistance and resistance to flexing, especially abrasion is the most prominent. The disadvantages are poor heat resistance, water resistance, compression resistance, its appearance is easy to turn yellow, sticky mould in the process. OKCHEM blog updates knowledge and information about chemicals and precise datas of China chemicals, if you have interest, view more here!

Propylene glycol used in coatings and cosmetics

Propylene glycol in the pharmaceutical industry used to dissolve many drugs such as sulfa drugs, local anesthetics, vitamin d, vitamin a, chloramphenicol and many essential oils. For its very nature basically identical to the glycerol, but its viscosity, toxicity and irritation is smaller than glycerol. A certain proportion of propylene glycol and water mixture can slow the hydrolysis of certain drugs and increase its stability.

Before using propylene glycol, it should distinguish whether it is industrial grade or not. Because of its low freezing point, it can any mix of propylene glycol and water. This can greatly lower the freezing point of paint overall, as well as enhances the frost resistance of coatings. As a result, it often used as antifreeze in coatings. It can make the coatings not freezing at 0 degrees. Because of the good compatibility with water and other solvents and high boiling point, propylene glycol is easier to achieve balance in water-borne paint system. At the same time, it can also provide liquidity and slower drying of the coating.

Propylene glycol is an important raw material of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester and polyurethane resin. The amount of about 45% of total consumption of propylene glycol. Large numbers of these unsaturated polyester is used in surface coatings and reinforced plastics.

Due to the propylene glycol and Spices has better solubility, thus it also used as solvents and softeners for cosmetics and so on. Propylene glycol is a very safe cosmetic raw material, but it often misunderstood that it has stimulus. Actually, its irritating feeling caused by the purity of raw materials. If using low purity propylene glycol, the impurities will cause irritation to the skin.

PG is mainly used for the production of paints and unsaturated polyester resins (UPR). Besides, it used as an antifreeze to replace ethylene glycol for antifreeze aircraft and as cooling agents in foods. In addition, there are also a large number of propylene glycol used in the production of plasticizers and hydraulic brake fluids. It can also be used for non-ionic detergent and in pharmaceuticals, pet food, cosmetics.

The main applications of propylene glycol stearate are as follows. It used for the manufacture of cosmetics cream in daily chemical industry. This to make cream increase lubricity, smooth and stable and has a moisturizing effect, such as lipsticks. More details!