Types of dyes and trends

Dyes are materials that are able to make a certain color attached to the fibers. Dyestuff are usually soluble in water, some dyes require a mordant dye adhered on fiber. Archaeological data shows that dyeing technology in India and Middle East has over 5,000 years of history.

Wide range of dye can be divided into natural dyes (such as vegetable dyes, dye and animal mineral dyes) and synthetic dyes (or artificial dyes) according to sources. According to the molecular structure, it classified into azo dyes, Anthraquinone dye, phthalocyanine dyes, aromatic Nitro methane dyes, dyestuff and so on. According to application methods, it includes acid dyes, basic dyes, sulfur dyes, direct dyes, reactive dyes, dispersion and so on.

Natural dyes are dyes obtained from animal, vegetable and mineral. According to sources can be divided into:

I. Plant dyes Dyes extracted from the roots, stems, leaves and fruit of certain plants, such as Indigo extracted from leaves of Indigo (blue), curcumin extracted from turmeric (yellow), alizarin (red) extracted from madder.

II. Animal dyes Dyes extracted from animal bodies, such as carmine extracted from cochineal.

III. Mineral dyes Dyes extracted from colored inorganic of minerals, such as chrome yellow, Ultramarine and manganese Brown. Compared with the artificial dye, natural dyes has many shortcomings, such as incompetence, inconvenience and poor colour fastness of color spectrum.

Synthetic dye, also called " man-made dyes". Mainly formed by chemical processing of coal-tar (or oil) fractionation products (such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene and carbazole, etc), it sometimes called a coal tar dye. As the earliest of several synthetic dyes made from aniline, also it also known as "aniline dyes." Compared with natural dyes, synthetic dyes have wide range of types, complete chromatography, light color and can be mass produced. So the current so-called dye almost are all synthetic dyes.

Dye has a rapid development since the 70 's of the 20th century, the main purpose of the 90's is to develop new products and improve quality. The rapid development of dyes in China is the 80's, its main role is also improve quality since the 90 's. Meanwhile, production has maintain a certain growth rate. Dyes used in textiles accounted for 85%, the rest used for the dyeing of leather, plastic, paper, coatings, etc.

In accordance with the requirements of eco-textiles and disables 118 kinds of dyes, green dye has been the focus of dyes and dyeing industries. Green dye is an extremely important condition to ensure textile ecological. In addition to the necessary dyeing properties, the technology applicability, application performance and the fastness properties, green dye also need to meet the requirements of environmental protection.